The scientists at the Moscow university came together with a team from Stockholm University in order to formulate the artificial antioxidant called SkQ1 which was then targeted in the mitochondria of mice that were genetically modified. The process included introducing a single genetic mutation inside the genome of the rodents in order to speed up mutagenesis in the mitochondria, which leads to accelerated aging, and sometimes even early death in the mice. This mutation of the genetics also creates the development of age-related diseases.